Mitigation measures for volcanic eruptions usually involve implementation of control structures to reduce the effects of flooding; land zoning and evacuation; and building reinforcement.
Mitigation
There are four main ways in which we can attempt to mitigate volcanic hazards:
During a volcanic eruption
- Listen to a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration weather radio or TV for updated information.
- Be prepared to evacuate, and do so immediately if necessary
- Avoid areas downwind and river valleys downstream from the volcano.
- Close all windows and doors, and bring any pets or livestock into closed shelters.
- If you are outdoors:
- Seek shelter indoors immediately.
- Avoid low-lying areas and streams.
- If caught in a rock fall, roll into a ball to protect your head.
- Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants and if necessary, along with goggles and a mask.
After a volcanic eruption
- Remain inside your home until officials declare it is safe to leave.
- Inspect your home:
- Check for damage to walls, the roof, the foundation, the electrical system and water lines.
- Notify your insurance company if your home is damaged.
- When outside, avoid volcanic ash fall. Cover your skin, nose, eyes and mouth.
- Clear roofs of ash fall. Ash can be very heavy and cause roofs to collapse.
- Avoid making phone calls except in serious emergencies.
- Establishing an evacuation plan stands out as one of the most effective methods for reducing the risk of a volcanic eruption. This entails implementing evacuation strategies, planning emergency shelters, and arranging food supplies.
- Based on monitoring data, authorities can establish exclusion zones to evacuate individuals from areas anticipated to be affected before an eruption occurs.
- Educating local residents about proactive measures they can take to minimize the risk of life and injury is crucial.
- Instructing people on actions to protect themselves in case evacuation is not possible becomes essential. For instance, individuals should be informed to seek shelter indoors to avoid falling ash and rocks.
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