Context:- The State of World Population Report, 2023 published by United Nations Population Fund Agency. Report says India to overtake China as world’s most populous country by mid-2023.
- The United Nations Population Fund’s, ‘The State of World Population Report, 2023’, titled ‘8 Billion Lives, Infinite Possibilities: The Case for Rights and Choices’ was released.
- The latest figures were given under the category of ‘Demographic Indicators’ in the report.
- It is the first time that India’s population has overtaken China’s since 1950 when the UN began to collect and release population data.
Findings
- Age group – The United Nations Population Fund (UNFA) reported the following category of age groups for India and China:
| Age group | India | China |
| 0-14 years | 25% | 17% |
| 10-19 years | 18% | 12% |
| 10-24 years | 26% | 18% |
| 15-64 years | 68% | 69% |
| Above 65 years | 7% | 14% |
- Life expectancy – China is doing better than India in the context of life expectancy, which in the case of women is 82 and 76 that of men.
- The figures for India are 74 and 71, according to the report.
United Nations Population Fund Agency (UNFPA)
- UNFPA is the United Nations sexual and reproductive health agency.
- Its mission is to deliver a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe and every young person’s potential is fulfilled.
- The organization was created in 1969.
- In 2018, UNFPA launched efforts to achieve three transformative results, ambitions that promise to change the world for every man, woman and young person:
- Ending unmet need for family planning.
- Ending preventable maternal death.
- Ending gender-based violence and harmful practices.
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