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About The PCPNDT ACT
An Act to provide for the prohibition of sex selection, before or after conception, and for regulation of prenatal diagnostic techniques for the purposes of detecting genetic abnormalities or metabolic disorders or chromosomal abnormalities or certain congenital malformations or sex-linked disorders and for the prevention of their misuse for sex determination leading to female foeticide; and, for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
BE it enacted by Parliament in the Forty-fifth Year of the Republic of India as follows: —
Comment: The Act was enacted in 20 SEPT 1994 and amended in 2003 and is an important tool for addressing sex-selective eliminations.
Need for The ACT
The Pre-conception & Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques (PC & PNDT) Act, 1994 was enacted in response to the decline in Sex ratio in India, which deteriorated from 972 in 1901 to 927 in 1991.
Purpose of the Act
The main purpose of enacting the act is to ban the use of sex selection techniques before or after conception and prevent the misuse of prenatal diagnostic technique for sex selective abortion.
Definitions
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, —
(a) “Appropriate Authority” means the Appropriate Authority appointed under section 17;
(b) “Board” means the Central Supervisory Board constituted under section 7;
(ba) “conceptus” means any product of conception at any stage of development from fertilization until birth including extra embryonic membranes as well as the embryo or foetus;
(bb) “embryo” means a developing human organism after fertilization till the end of eight weeks (fifty-six days);
(bc) “foetus” means a human organism during the period of its development beginning on the fifty seventh day following fertilization or creation (excluding any time in which its development has been suspended) and ending at the birth;
(c) “Genetic Counseling Centre” means an institute, hospital, nursing home or any place, by whatever name called, which provides for genetic counselling to patients;
(d) “Genetic Clinic” means a clinic, institute, hospital, nursing home or any place, by whatever name called, which is used for conducting pre-natal diagnostic procedures.
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