Context:- Recently, Jharkhand’s Udhwa Bird Sanctuary was in news with the ongoing speculations of it getting the prestigious Ramsar Site status.
About Udhwa Bird Sanctuary:-
- Location: Udhwa Bird Sanctuary is situated in the Sahebganj district of Jharkhand, making it the sole notified bird sanctuary in the state.
- Name Origin: The sanctuary derives its name from Saint Uddhava, a friend of Lord Krishna during the Mahabharat times.
- Bio-geographic Zone: Falling within the Gangetic Plains bio-geographic zone, Udhwa showcases the unique biodiversity of this region.
- Water Bodies: The sanctuary features two interconnected water bodies, Patauran (155 ha) and Berhale (410 ha), linked by a water channel.
- Connectivity: Connected to the Ganga River through a 25 km long water channel known as Udhuwa Nala, the sanctuary benefits from its proximity to Farraka.
- Important Bird Area: Udhwa Bird Sanctuary holds the prestigious designation of being recognized as an ‘Important Bird Area,’ emphasizing its ecological significance.
- Avian Diversity: The sanctuary is home to a variety of birds, including Tern, Brahminy Kite, Fishing Eagle, Hawk, Vulture, House Swift, Palm Swift, Swallow, Kingfisher, Drongo, Indian Roller, and Parakeet.
- Migratory Visitors: During winter, Udhwa attracts migratory birds such as Black-headed & Brown-headed Gulls, Grey-headed Lapwing, Little-ringed Plover, Red & Green Shanks, Spotted Green Shanks, Common Sandpiper, Temmink’s Stint, Yellow & White Wagtail, Blue-throat, Western Swallow, adding to its vibrant avian population.
Location and Landscape
Strategically situated in the Sahibganj district of Jharkhand, Udhwa Bird Sanctuary encompasses an area of lush wetlands and serene water bodies. The sanctuary’s diverse topography, comprising marshes, lakes, and grasslands, creates a mosaic of habitats that attract a myriad of bird species.
Avian Diversity
The sanctuary is a birdwatcher’s paradise, hosting a diverse array of avian species throughout the year. Migratory birds, including the Siberian Crane, Northern Pintail, and various species of ducks, flock to Udhwa during the winter months. Resident species such as the Indian Skimmer, Sarus Crane, and Black-necked Stork contribute to the sanctuary’s rich avifauna.
Conservation Initiatives
Several conservation initiatives have focused on preserving the unique ecosystems and avian inhabitants of Udhwa Bird Sanctuary. The state government, along with environmental organizations, has implemented measures to curb poaching, habitat degradation, and other threats to the sanctuary’s biodiversity.
Educational and Awareness Programs
To engage and educate the public, the sanctuary conducts various awareness programs and educational initiatives. These programs not only highlight the ecological significance of Udhwa but also emphasize the importance of conservation in the broader context of sustainable development.
Significance for UPSC Aspirants
For UPSC aspirants, Udhwa Bird Sanctuary serves as a compelling case study in environmental conservation and biodiversity management. Questions related to wildlife conservation, ecological balance, and sustainable development often find a place in the examination. A thorough understanding of Udhwa’s conservation efforts can provide aspirants with practical insights and examples to bolster their answers.
Conclusion
Udhwa Bird Sanctuary stands as a living testament to the harmonious coexistence of diverse bird species and the importance of preserving natural habitats. As UPSC aspirants explore the multifaceted dimensions of environmental conservation, Udhwa offers a rich case study that reflects the challenges and triumphs in safeguarding our planet’s biodiversity. Let us celebrate and protect this sanctuary as a symbol of our commitment to a sustainable and ecologically balanced future.
