The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) plays a crucial role as the main statutory body overseeing disaster management in India. It officially came into existence on September 27, 2006, as per the guidelines of the Disaster Management Act, 2005. The Prime Minister serves as its Chairperson, leading a team of nine members, with one member designated as the Vice-Chairperson. This body is at the forefront of managing and responding to disasters in the country.
Evolution of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
- Recognizing the crucial importance of Disaster Management as a national priority, the Government of India took a significant step in August 1999 by establishing a High-Powered Committee (HPC). This committee was tasked with making recommendations for Disaster Management plans and proposing effective mitigation strategies.
- In the aftermath of the devastating Gujarat earthquake in 2001, a National Committee was set up to further emphasize the need for Disaster Management preparedness. This committee aimed to provide valuable insights into planning and implementing measures to handle disasters effectively.
- The Tenth Five-Year Plan, marking a milestone, incorporated a dedicated chapter on Disaster Management for the first time. This inclusion underscored the government’s commitment to addressing and mitigating the impact of disasters on the nation.
- Recognizing the financial aspect of Disaster Management, the Twelfth Finance Commission was entrusted with the responsibility of reviewing financial arrangements for handling disasters. This demonstrated a comprehensive approach to ensure adequate resources for effective disaster response.
- Taking a decisive step, the Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act on December 23, 2005. This legislation envisioned the establishment of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), led by the Prime Minister. Additionally, State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) were formed, with Chief Ministers at the helm, to champion and execute a holistic and integrated approach to Disaster Management across the country.
Functions of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) was established to follow the functions mentioned below:
- Implementing policies related to Disaster Management.
- Approving various plans like: National Plans Plans by different Ministries & Departments of the Indian Government Other plans related to the National Plan.
- Laying down guidelines for State Government Authorities in accordance with the State Plan.
- Laying down guidelines for different Government Authorities in order to integrate the preventive measures for the Disaster or attenuation of its effect in their development plans & projects.
- Coordinating with the workforce and implementing the policies/plans necessary.
- Recommending the provision of funds necessary for mitigation.
- Depending on the Central Government, providing aid and support to the countries in need.
- Laying down guidelines and broad policies for the functioning of the NIDM (National Institute of Disaster Management).
Organisational Structure of NDMA
The organisational structure of NDMA is given as follows:
- The ex-officio chairperson of the NDMA is the Prime Minister.
- The Vice Chairman is the Cabinet Minister.
- The NDMA Secretariat, which a secretary heads, provides secretarial support and continuity.
- NDMA, along with all these, has 8 ministers of state as its members.
Read Also: Relevant Sections of NDMA 2005
