Key Facts
- Arunachal Pradesh, known as the “Land of Dawn-Lit Mountains,” “Orchid Paradise,” “Land of Sunrise,” and “Paradise of Botanist.”
- It shares its borders with Assam and Nagaland to the south, with international boundaries encompassing Bhutan to the west, Myanmar to the east, and a disputed border with China in the north, demarcated by the McMahon Line.
- The state has a 1,129 km border with China’s Tibet Autonomous Region.
- The capital is Itanagar, making it the largest among the seven sister states of Northeast India.
- Anjaw, located in the easternmost part of India, is the easternmost district.
- The Patkai Bum hills serve as a natural barrier between Arunachal Pradesh and Myanmar.
- An Inner Line Permit (ILP) is required for Indian citizens to enter Arunachal Pradesh.
- Arunachal Pradesh is home to a newly described subspecies of hoolock gibbon known as the Mishmi Hills hoolock gibbon.
| Aspect | Information |
|---|---|
| International Boundaries | – Myanmar (440 km) in the east – Bhutan (160 km) in the west – China (1030 km) north of the McMahon Line – Separated from China by the disputed McMahon Line |
| Geographical Features | – Mountain ranges – Green forests – Deep river valleys (The Kameng, The Subansiri, The Siang, The Lohit, and the Tirap) – All these rivers are fed by snows – River Siang in Tibet is called Tsangpo, and it becomes the Brahmaputra in India – Beautiful plateaus – Himalayan Ranges running from north to south – Varied climate zones including tropical, subtropical, pine, temperate, and alpine |
| Mountain Ranges | – Dafla Hills – Miri Hills – Abor Hills – Mishmi Hills – Patkai Range |
| Mountain Pass | – Bomdila Pass (India-Tibet) – Bum La Pass (India-Tibet) – Tunga Pass (India-Tibet) – Dihang Pass (India-Tibet) |
| Minerals | – Petroleum – Coal – Copper Ore – Gold & Pyrites – Limestone and Marble – Dolomite – Graphite |
| Lakes | – Ganga / Gekar Sinyi |
| Rivers | – Kameng – Subansiri – Siang (Brahmaputra) – Dibang – Lohit – Noa Dihing |
| Dam | – Dibang Dam (India’s largest hydro project) – Rangandi Dam |
| Ethnic group | – Monpa people in the west – Tani people in the center – Tai people in the east – Naga people in the south – Others include Abor, Apatanis, Khamti, Momba, Singphos, Khambas, Mishmis, Nyishi, Wancho |
| Protected Areas | – Dehang Bebang (Musk Deer, Mishmi Takin) – Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary & Tiger reserve (Famous for Hornbill) – Talle Wildlife Sanctuary – Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary – Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary – Eagle Nest Wildlife Sanctuary – Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary – Mouling National Park – Namdapha National Park – Mauling National Park |
| State Bird/Animal/Tree/Flower | – Great Hornbill / Mithun (Gayal) / Hollong / Foxtail Orchid |
| Important Festivals | – Gokum Gompa – Siang River festival – Losar – Tamladu – Solung – Nyokum – Buddha Mahotsava – Boori-boot – Nyokum – Dree |
| Dances | – Ponung – Monpa – Igu – Popir |
| GI Tags | – Idu Mishmi Textiles – Arunachal Orange |
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