Why In News?

• India ranked fifth in Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based investments according to Stanford University’s annual AI Index report 2023.

About AI Index Report, 2023

• The AI Index is an independent initiative at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI), led by the AI Index Steering Committee.
• The annual report tracks collates, distills, and visualizes data relating to artificial intelligence.
• This will enable decision-makers to take meaningful action to advance AI responsibly and ethically with humans in mind.
• The AI Index collaborates with many different organizations to track progress in artificial intelligence.
• The 2023 report also features more self-collected data and original analysis than ever before.

Global Scenario

• The United States and China had the greatest number of cross-country collaborations in AI
  publications from 2010 to 2021, although the pace of collaboration has slowed.
• Rise in AI
  • .The total number of AI publications has more than
    doubled since 2010.
  • The specific AI topics that continue dominating research include pattern recognition, machine learning, and computer vision.
• Language Model and Expense
  • Across the board, large language and multimodal models are becoming larger and pricier.
  • Language models continued to improve their generative capabilities, but new research suggests that they still struggle with complex planning tasks.
• Flexibility
  • Traditionally AI systems have performed well on narrow tasks but have struggled across broader tasks.
  • Recently released models challenge that trend, BEiT-3, PaLI, and Gato, among others, are single AI systems increasingly capable of navigating multiple tasks.
• Environment
  • New research suggests that AI systems can have serious environmental impacts.
  • According to Luccioni et al., 2022, BLOOM’s training run emitted 25 times more carbon than a single air traveler on a one-way trip from New York to San Francisco.
  • Still, new reinforcement learning models like BCOOLER show that AI systems can be used to optimize energy usage.
• R&D
  • The report stated that 54% of researchers working on large language models (LLMs) were from American institutions.
  • Last year researchers from Canada, Germany, and India contributed to the development of LLMs for the first time.

India in the Report

• India ranked fifth in terms of investments received by startups offering artificial intelligence (AI)-based products and services in 2022.
• Total investments in AI startups in India stood at $3.24 billion in 2022, placing it ahead of South Korea, Germany, Canada and Australia, among others.
• Those ahead of India on the list are the US, China, the UK and Israel.

About Artificial intelligence

• About: It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs.
  • It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable.
• Significance: AI would not replace people but create new opportunities in various fields.
  • It works on data, and if we could train our machines, it could do wonders for us in milliseconds by automating processes. 
  • AI is creating new opportunities which could not be achieved by traditional technology.
• Generative AI: It is a cutting-edge technological advancement type of artificial intelligence that involves creating new, original content or data using machine learning algorithms.
  • It can be used to generate text, images, music, or other types of media. 
  • Generative AI works by training a model on a large dataset and then using that model to generate new, previously unseen content that is similar to the training data. This can be done through techniques such as:
    • Neural machine translation, 
    • Image generation, and 
    • Music generation. 
• Startups with AI models in India: Several Indian firms like Flipkart and MakeMyTrip are exploring the use of generative AI models.
  • Startups such as GupShup and Exotel have also announced chatbot builder platforms powered by OpenAI’s GPT models, which can be used by enterprises to build ChatGPT like chatbots.

Read also:- ICMR releases ethical guidelines for AI usage in healthcare

Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2023