10 Questions about Jainism UPSC : Current Affairs

Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that emphasizes non-violence, asceticism, and the practice of ahimsa (non-violence) towards all living beings. Its teachings are based on the teachings of Tirthankaras or enlightened beings who have attained perfect knowledge and liberation.

Who was the founder of Jainism?

Jainism is not founded by any one person. It is an ancient religion that has been practiced in India for over 2,500 years. However, the teachings of Jainism are attributed to a series of Tirthankaras, or enlightened beings who have attained perfect knowledge and liberation.

What are the core beliefs of Jainism?

The core beliefs of Jainism are based on the principles of non-violence, self-control, and detachment. Jainism emphasizes that all living beings, including animals and plants, have a soul and should be treated with respect and compassion. Jains also believe in karma, reincarnation, and the attainment of enlightenment or liberation through austerities and meditation.

What are the two main sects of Jainism?

The two main sects of Jainism are Digambara and Svetambara. The Digambara sect believes that one must renounce all worldly possessions, including clothing, and live a life of complete asceticism. The Svetambara sect believes that one can practice Jainism while living a normal life, and they wear white clothing.

What is the significance of the Jain symbol?

The Jain symbol is a hand with a wheel on the palm, representing the Jain concept of ahimsa (non-violence) and the Jain path to liberation, which is known as the wheel of dharma.

What are the sacred texts of Jainism?

The sacred texts of Jainism are known as the Jain Agamas. These texts are believed to have been written by the Tirthankaras themselves or their disciples.

What is the significance of the five vows (panchayat) in Jainism?

The five vows (panchayat) are an important part of Jainism. They are ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truth), asteya (non-stealing), brahmacharya (celibacy), and aparigraha (non-attachment). These vows are meant to help Jains live a life of self-control and detachment from worldly desires.

What is the significance of the Jain festival of Paryushan?

Paryushan is a Jain festival that lasts for eight days and is celebrated in August or September. During this time, Jains observe fasting, offer prayers, and practice self-reflection and self-improvement. Paryushan is a time to ask for forgiveness for past wrongs and to make a fresh start.

What is the significance of the Jain practice of sallekhana?

Sallekhana is a Jain practice of voluntary fasting to death. This practice is only allowed for those who have attained a high level of spiritual development and have no remaining worldly duties or responsibilities. Sallekhana is seen as a way to purify the soul and attain liberation from the cycle of birth and death.

What is the Jain philosophy of Anekantavada?

Anekantavada is a Jain philosophy that emphasizes the importance of multiple perspectives and the relativity of truth. According to this philosophy, there are many ways of looking at the world, and no one perspective is completely true or false. Anekantavada encourages Jains to be open-minded and tolerant of different viewpoints.