Uttar Pradesh : General Introduction

• Reorganisation of State – 1 November, 1956
• Name of State – North-West Province (From 1836)
  • – North-West Agra and Oudh Province (From 1877)
  • – United Provinces Agra and Oudh (From 1902)
  • – United Provinces (From 1937)
  • – Uttar Pradesh (From 24 January, 1950)
• State Capital – Agra (From 1836)
  • – Prayagraj (From 1858)
  • – Lucknow (partial) (From 1921)
  • – Lucknow (completely) (From 1935)
• Partition of State – 9 November, 2000 [Uttaranchal (currently Uttarakhand) was formed by craving out 13 districts of Uttar Pradesh.
• Districts of Uttar Pradesh in the National Capital Region (NCR) – 8 (Meerut, Ghaziabad, Gautam Budh Nagar, Bulandshahr, Hapur, Baghpat, Muzaffarnagar, Shamli)
• Such Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh, who got the distinction of being the Prime Minister of India – Chaudhary Charan Singh and Vishwanath Pratap Singh
• Such Speaker of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, who also became Chief Minister – Shri Banarsidas and Shripati Mishra
• Speaker of the 18^th Legislative Assembly – Shri Satish Mahana
• Number of women members in the 18^th Legislative Assembly – 47
• Leader of the Opposition in the 18^th Assembly – Shri Akhilesh Yadav (Samajwadi Party)
• President’s rule in the state for the first time – 25 February 1968 To 26 February 1969
• State legislature – Bicameral legislature
• Number of Lok Sabha seats – 80
• Number of Rajya Sabha seats – 31
• Speaker of the Assembly for the most time – Shri Atmaram Govind Kher and Keshari Nath Tripathi (3-3 times)
• Total Member of the Legislative Assembly – 403
• Total Member of the Legislative Council – 100
• The first state Legislative Assembly constituted – July 1937
• District With Most Legislative Assembly Seats – Prayagraj (12 Seats)
• District With Lowest Legislative Assembly Seats – Shravasti, Mahoba, Chitrakoot (2-2 seats)
• State’s first central jail – Bareilly
• First Chief Ministers of the state – Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant
• First Deputy Chief Minister of the State – Chaudhary Narayan Singh
• First woman chief minister of state and country – Sucheta Kripalani
• First woman governor of state and country – Sarojini Naidu
• India’s first night wildlife park (Night Safari Park) is located in – Greater Noida
• First Speaker of the state Legislative Assembly after independence – Rajarshi Purushottam Das Tandon
• First Legislative Council Chairman of the state after independence – Chandra Bhal
• First Chief Justice of Uttar Pradesh Allahabad High Court – Sir Walter Morgan

     Geographic Situations

• Area of Uttar Pradesh – 2,40,928 Sq Kms. (About 7.33% of India’s area)
• Latitude – 23°52′ North Latitude to 30°28′ North Latitude
• Longitude – 77°3′ East Longitude to 84°39′ East Longitude
• Length of the state from east to west – 650 Kms.
• Length of the state from north to south – 240 Kms.
• The state shares boundaries – 9 (8 states and 1 union territory)
• Number of states boundaries Sonbhadra – 4 (Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar)
• State with maximum border with Uttar Pradesh – Madhya Pradesh
• State with the shortest border with Uttar Pradesh – Himachal Pradesh
• Most eastern district of the state – Ballia
• Westernmost district of the state – Shamli
• Northernmost district of the state – Saharanpur
• Southernmost district of the state – Sonbhadra
• Largest district of the state (in area) – Lakhimpur Kheri (7680 sq. km.)
• Smallest district of the state (in area) – Hapur (660 sq. km.)
• Number of states share boundaries to Saharanpur – 3 (Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand)
• Agro– Climatic Zones in the state – 9
• Major rivers flowing in the state – Ganga, Yamuna, Ramganga, Gomti and Ghaghra
• Longest canal system in the state – Sharda Canal
• The District of Uttar Pradesh is surrounded by Madhya Pradesh on three sides – Lalitpur

   Major Institutes in Uttar Pradesh

• Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research – Lucknow
• Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture – Lucknow
• National Sugar Institute – Kanpur
• Indian Institute of Pulses Research – Kanpur
• Indian Institute of Technology – Kanpur
• Laxmipat Singhania Institute of Cardiology – Kanpur
• Indian Veterinary Research Institute – Izatnagar (Bareilly)
• Indian Institute of Vegetable Research – Varanasi
• Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute – Jhansi
• Indian Institute of Carpet Technology – Bhadohi
• Indian Institute of Handloom Technology – Chaukaghat (Varanasi)
• Uttar Pradesh Council of Agricultural Research – Lucknow
• State Disaster Management Authority – Lucknow
• Trade Facilitation Center and Craft Museum – Varanasi
• Biotechnology Park Uttar Pradesh – Lucknow
• VV Giri National Labor Institute – Noida
• Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation Limited – Kanpur
• Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences – Saifai (Etawah)
• UP Industrial Co– operative Association Limited – Kanpur
• Uttar Pradesh Financial Corporation – Kanpur
• Pradeshiya Industrial & Investment Corporation – Lucknow
• Institute of Entrepreneurship Development – Lucknow
• Fragrance and Flavour Development Centre – Kannauj
• Uttar Pradesh Textile Technology Institute – Kanpur
• Uttar Pradesh Small Industries Corporation Limited – Kanpur
• Uttar Pradesh Export Corporation Ltd – Lucknow
• State Leather Development and Marketing Corporation Limited – Agra
• Uttar Pradesh Electronics Corporation Limited – Lucknow
• Government Porcelain Development Center – Chunar and Khurja
• Uttar Pradesh Handicrafts Development & Marketing Corporation Limited – Lucknow
• Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Authority – Kanpur

     Uttar Pradesh : Administrative Divisions

• Total Districts – 75
• Sub divisions – 18
• Special Area Development Authority – 5
• Gram Panchayat – 59163
• Tehsils – 350 (As on 2018)
• Nagar Panchayat – 437
• Municipal Council – 198 (As on 2018)
• Municipal Corporation – 17
• Block Panchayats – 821 (As of 2018)
• Nyaya Panchayats – 8,135 (As on 2018)
• Community Development Block – 822

      Energy

• Formation of Uttar Pradesh State Electricity Council – 1959
• Order of total power generation in the state – Thermal Power > Hydropower > Nuclear > Solar Power
• UP Electricity Regulatory Commission setup – 1998
• NTPC’s Gas Based Thermal Projects in the State – 3 (Auraiya, Amla, Dadri)
• State’s oldest thermal project – Harduaganj Thermal Power Station (1942)
• Establishment of only nuclear power station in the state – Narora (Bulandshahar) (1991-92)
• Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency – 1983

     Minerals

• State Mineral Development Corporation setup – 1974
• Uttar Pradesh is a state in terms of mineral resources. Lower – Middle Range
• Largest coal reserves in the state – Sonbhadra
• Copper reserve in the state – Sonrai (Lalitpur)

   Transport and Communication

• State’s position in the country in terms of length of National Highways – Second (Maharashtra is at first position with total legth of approximately 18,000 kms)
• Uttar Pradesh State Highways Authority constituted – 2004
• Formation of Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority – 2001
• State’s longest Highway – National Highway 19 (Old Name NH– 2 (Grand Trunk Road)
• Country’s longest green field (controlled access) expressway – Purvanchal Expressway (340.8 km)
• Establishment of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation – 1972
• Establishment of Uttar Pradesh State Bridge Corporation – 1973
• World’s longest railway platform – Gorakhpur
• Formation of Lucknow Metro Rail Corporation Limited – 2013
• Lucknow Metro launches commercial operations – 5 September 2017
• Railway Safety Commission, Headquarters – Lucknow
• The first train in the state was run in March 1859. – Prayagraj to Kanpur
• Total Rail Network in the State – 9167 km. (first in the country)
• Bus transport services in the state of U.P. began on 15 May 1947 – Lucknow to Barabanki
• Approximate Length of Purvanchal Expressway – 340.82 Kms.
• Lucknow Doordarshan started functioning on – 27 November 1975
• Bus service started between Ayodhya to Janakpur (Nepal) – May 2018
• Paratroopers Training School is located at – Agra
• Aditya Birla Group develops private airport – Mayorpur (Sonbhadra)
• India’s first multi– modal terminal has been built – Ralhupur (Varanasi)
• Lucknow Akashvani (All India Radio) established in the state – 2 April, 1938
• First air postal service started in India – Between Allahabad (Prayagraj) to Naini
• Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Akademi is located at – Fursatganj (Amethi)

   Census– 2011

• Total Population of Uttar Pradesh – 19,98,12,341 (16.51% of the total population of the country)
• Percentage of males in the total population of the state – 52.29%
• Percentage of women in the total population of the state – 47.71%
• Percentage of Rural Population to Total Population of the State – 77.73%
• Percentage of urban population to the total population of the state – 22.27%
• Most populous district – (1) Prayagraj (2) Moradabad (3) Ghaziabad
• Least populated district – (1) Mahoba (2) Chitrakoot (3) Hamirpur

     Population Density

• Population Density of Uttar Pradesh – 829 people per sq km.
• Increase in Population Density during 2001-11 – 139 persons per sq.km.
• Districts have the highest density of population (in descending order) – (1) Ghaziabad (2) Varanasi (3) Lucknow
• Districts have the Lowest density of population (in ascending order) – (1) Lalitpur (2) Sonbhadra (3) Hamirpur

        Literacy Rate

• Total Literacy in Uttar Pradesh – 67.72%
• Male Literacy in Uttar Pradesh – 77.30%
• Female Literacy of Uttar Pradesh – 57.20%
• Increase in Average Literacy during 2001-11 – 11.36%
• Difference between male and female literacy – 20.10%
• Highest Literacy Districts – (1) Gautam Buddha Nagar (2) Kanpur Nagar (3) Auraiya
• Lowest literacy districts (same order of male literacy) – (1) Shravasti (2) Bahraich (3) Balrampur

       Sex Ratio

• Average Sex Ratio of Uttar Pradesh (as per 2011 census) – 912 (Sex Ratio of India is 943)
• The sex ratio of Uttar Pradesh increased during 2001-11 – 14 points
• Highest Sex Ratio Districts (in descending order) – (1) Jaunpur (1024) (2) Azamgarh (1019) (3) Deoria (1017)
• Lowest Sex Ratio Districts (in ascending order) – (1) Gautam Buddha Nagar (851) (2) Hamirpur and Baghpat (861) (3) Kanpur Nagar, Banda and Mathura (863)

      Child Sex Ratio (2011)

• Child Sex Ratio of Uttar Pradesh (0-6 Years Age Group) – 902 (In 2001 the child sex ratio was 916)
• Highest and Lowest child sex ratio Districts in the state are respectively – Balrampur and Baghpat

      Decadal Growth Rate

• Average Decadal growth rate during 2001-11 – 20.23%
• Average Annual Growth Rate during 2001-11 – 1.85%
• Decline in Decadal growth during 2001-11 – 5.62%
• Growth rates in males and females during 2001-11 respectively – 19.31% and 21.23%
• Highest Decadal growth rate Districts – (1) Gautam Buddha Nagar (2) Ghaziabad (3) Shravasti
• Lowest Decadal growth rate Districts – (1) Kanpur Nagar (2) Hamirpur (3) Baghpat

   Scheduled Castes

• Percentage of Scheduled Castes in the Total Population of Uttar Pradesh – 20.69%
• State with highest number of Scheduled Castes in the country – Uttar Pradesh (16.6%)
• Highest Scheduled Caste Population District – Sitapur
• Lowest Scheduled Caste Population District – Baghpat

   Scheduled Tribes

• Percentage of Scheduled Tribes in the Total Population of Uttar Pradesh – 0.6%
• District With Highest ST Population – Sonbhadra
• District with lowest ST population – Baghpat
• Districts devoid of Scheduled Tribes in the state – Ayodhya and Jalaun

     Slum Census

• The place of Uttar Pradesh in the total slum population of the country – Fourth
• The slum population in the total population of the country in the 2011 census is – 9.5%
• Districts with highest slum population in the state (in descending order) – Meerut, Agra, Kanpur Nagar
• Percentage of slum population in the total population of the state – 3.12%

       Religion – Census

• Religious Population (In Decreasing Order) – Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, Christian, Jain, Buddhist
• Percentage of minorities in the total population of the state – 19.33%
• Religious communities with highest and lowest sex ratio respectively – Christians (950) and Sikhs (885)

       Cultural Diversity in Uttar Pradesh

• Beginning of modern painting in Uttar Pradesh – from the 20^th century
• Birth place of Amir Khusrau – Patiyali (Kasganj)
• Inventor of Tabla and Sitar – Amir Khusrau
• Bada Khayal Promoters – Sultan Hussain Sharqi (Jaunpur)
• The golden age of the Lucknow gharana from music – Nawab Wajid Ali Shah’s period
• Bismillah Khan and Mumtaz Khan are shehnai players – of the Banaras Gharana
• Bindadin, Kodau Singh, Khurshed Ali Khan, Shambhu Maharaj, Birju Maharaj are related to – From Lucknow Gharana
• Choti Maina, Badi Maina, Rasoolanbai, Saraswati Devi, Vidyadhari ki Devi, Moti Kesar etc. are the thumri– tappa singers – Banaras Gharana
• Jhula, Hori, Phag, Languria and Rasia folk songs are related to – from Braj region
• There is a special area of Sanskar Geet, Sohar, Natka and Qawwali. – Awadh region
• The only classical dance form of Uttar Pradesh is – Kathak
• Known as the father of Kathak dance – Thakur Prasad
• The dance performed by the Kahars of Jaunpur is – Chaurasia Dance
• Famous Gharanas for Kathak are – Lucknow and Varanasi
• Folk theatre (drama) in Uttar Pradesh – Ramlila, Rasleela and Nautanki
• Kalinjar Fort is located in Uttar Pradesh – Banda
• Ganga Mahotsava (Ganga Dussehra) – Varanasi and Prayagraj
• There are three monuments of the state included in the World Heritage – Fatehpur Sikri, Agra Fort and Taj Mahal
• The main center of Muslim education during the Mughal period was – Agra
• The region of Kannauj language is – Kannauj, Farrukhabad, Shahjahanpur, Pilibhit, Kanpur Nagar, Etawah, Auraiya, Kanpur Dehat
• Major tourist places located in Fatehpur Sikri (Agra) – Buland Darwaza, Birbal Mahal, Salim Chishti’s Dargah, Jodha Bai Mahal, Jama Masjid, Diwan I– Khas, Panchmahal, Mariam Mahal etc.
• Tulsi Memorial, Tulsi Birthplace – Rajapur (Chitrakoot)
• Tomb of Sufi Saint Haji Waris Ali Shah – Deva Sharif (Barabanki)
• There are Dashavatar temples (Gupta period) of Devgarh and 31 Jain temples, Matatila, Rajghat dam. – Lalitpur
• Shringi Rishi Temple is located at – Shringirampur (Farrukhabad)
• Nizamuddin Auliya was born in – Badaun
• Among the Navratnas of Akbar belong to Uttar Pradesh – Raja Todarmal

   Education

• Establishment of State Council of Educational Research and Training – 1981 (Lucknow)
• Establishment of Uttar Pradesh Secondary Education Service Selection Board – 1982 (Prayagraj)
• School Chalo Campaign started for primary education – 2001
• Establishment of Uttar Pradesh State Council of Higher Education – 1995
• Saakshar Bharat Program/Mission was started in – 2009
• Total Central Universities in the State – 6 (4 General + 1 Agriculture + 1 Aviation)
• Oldest university in the state – Prayagraj University, Prayagraj (1887)

   Major Medical Colleges of Uttar Pradesh

• Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College – Meerut
• Maharani Laxmibai Medical College – Jhansi
• Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College – Kanpur
• Sarojini Naidu Medical College – Agra
• Baba Raghav Das Medical College – Gorakhpur
• Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College – Aligarh
• Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj (King George’s) Medical University – Lucknow

  Economy

• SEZs in Uttar Pradesh – Eastern Economic Zone (28 districts), Western Economic Zone (30 districts), Central Economic Zone (10 districts), Bundelkhand Economic Zone (7 districts)
• The most developed area of the state from the point of view of industrial development – Western Sector
• Least developed area in terms of industrial development – Bundelkhand
• The most employable industry in the state after agriculture – Handloom Cottage Industry
• UP Handicraft Promotion Policy Implemented – 2014
• Sporting Goods – Agra and Meerut
• Carpets and Rugs industry is developed – Bhadohi, Mirzapur, Agra, Varanasi
• Council of Science & Technology, Uttar Pradesh was formed – 1975
• Uttar Pradesh Khadi and Village Industries Board was formed – 1960
• The first sugar mill of India and Uttar Pradesh was established in 1903 – Pratappur (Deoria)
• Chief Minister Yuva Swarozgar Yojana launched – 2017
• ‘Kisan Samridhi Commission’ was formed in the state – 2017
• Mukhya Mantri Kanya Sumangala Yojana launched – 25 October 2019