Samarkand Declaration

The Samarkand Declaration urged for “commitment to peaceful resolution of disagreements and issues among countries via communication and consultation.”

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) 2022 summit was conducted in Samarkand, Uzbekistan.

Who was the chairman of Samarkand Declaration?

Uzbek President chaired the 22nd SCO summit of Samarkand.

Uzbekistan handed over the rotating presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) to India.

What are the highlights of this Declaration ?

PM of India said that Indian economy is expected to grow by 7.5 percent this year and thus will be the highest among the largest economies in the world.
Also he expressed, India is progressing towards becoming a manufacturing hub.

Iran has been admitted as a permanent member of the SCO at the Samarkand summit.
Indian and Chinese leaders expressed their concerns to the Russian President over the Ukraine war

What are goals of Samarkand Declaration ?

It develop common concepts and procedures in order to create a consolidated list of terrorists, separatist and extremist organisations whose activities are illegal on SCO member states’ borders.

SCO:It is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation.
It was created in 2001
It’s a Eurasian political, economic and military organisation aiming to maintain peace, security and stability in the region.
Following the accession of Uzbekistan to the organisation in 2001, the Shanghai Five was renamed the SCO.
India and Pakistan became members in 2017.
Current Members: Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India and Pakistan.Iran is set to become a permanent member of the SCO in 2023.

What are the stands of countries during the Summit?

Russia: It was clearly on trial for its invasion of Ukraine.

China: It was vulnerable because of the deal with Russia on Taiwan in return for a pledge to support Russia in its war with Ukraine.

India’s Stand: Now is not an era of war: India bluntly told Russia that this was not the time for war and that the war must stop.

•Diplomacy and democracy: It was the only country to demand a cessation of all hostilities and want diplomacy and democracy. Other issues discussed by India:

The oil crisis

2. Looming food scarcity

3. The disruption of supply chains

4. Transit trade access

•On Pakistan: Pakistan should give India transit trade access by land to Afghanistan and Central Asia.

What is the conclusion of this declaration ?

Bilateral relations: India should concentrate on bilateral relations with democratic nations to build a pole for itself in the new world order.

2. The ripples of Samarkand in the United Nations General Assembly: Both the U.S. and Russia declared for the first time that they would favours an expansion of the UNSC to make it more effective.

3. Protecting India’s interests: The Quad may well be the forum that will enable India to protect its interests in the Indo-Pacific, and the SCO may have been a dress rehearsal for what may eventually emerge.