Agriculture

Q: Is agriculture an optional subject in the UPSC examination?

Answer: No, agriculture is not an optional subject in the UPSC examination. It is included as a part of the General Studies paper.

Q: How can I improve my understanding of agricultural economics for the UPSC exam?

Answer: To improve your understanding of agricultural economics, refer to standard textbooks on the subject and study concepts like supply and demand, price determination, and agricultural marketing.

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UPSC Study Material | Agriculture

AGRICULTURE

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Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various
Parts of the Country

Importance of Cropping Pattern
Types of Cropping Pattern
Reasons Why Cropping Pattern Differ
Emerging Trends in Cropping Pattern
Long-Run Effects of Current Trends in Cropping Pattern

Different Types of Irrigation & Irrigation
Systems Storage

Modes of Irrigation
Sources of Irrigation
Choosing an Irrigation System
Problems Associated with Irrigation
Progress of Irrigation Under Five Year Plans
Environmental Effects of Irrigation
Need for Systemic Irrigation Reforms
Need for a National Water Policy

Transport & Marketing of Agricultural
Produce & Issues & Related Constraints

Process of Agricultural Marketing – Marketing Channels, Functionaries, Costs, etc.
Role of FCI
Regulated Markets
Warehousing
Cooperative Marketing
Shortcomings of Current Agricultural Marketing Process
APMCs
National Agricultutral Market (NAM)
Farmer Producer Organizations (FPO)
Contract Farming
Futures Trading in Agricultural Commodities

E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers,
Technology Missions

Government Initiatives To Aid Farmers
Constrains In E-Technology Implementation

Farm Subsidies & Minimum
Support Prices

Challenges And Problems Associated With Subsidies
Recent Developments Associated With Subsidies
WTO And Subsidies
Minimum Support Prices
Rationale Of MSP
Extent And Effectiveness Of MSP
Challenges And Problems Associated With MSP
Recent Developments Associated With MSP
Agricultural Pricing Policy
Rationale for Subsidies
Types of Subsidies
Effectiveness, Extent & Problems of Subsidies
Clash with WTO Agreements

Public Distribution System

Objectives/Significance
Functioning – Fair Price Shops, FCI, Ration Cards, Aadhaar Linking, etc.
Shortcomings or Problems Associated with PDS
Need to Improve the Working of PDS
Measures to Improve the Loopholes & Lacunas Associated with PDS
Steps Taken by Government in this Regard

Issues of Buffer Stocks & Food Security

Buffer Stock – Objectives & Norms in India
Impact of Government Procurement & Distribution
Need for Food Security
NFSM And other Food Security Related Government Initiatives

Economics of Animal-Rearing

Animal Husbandry In India
Dairy Industry In India
Poultry Farming
Meat Industry In India
Fishing Industry In India
Government Schemes And Interventions To Promote Animal Rearing In India

Food Processing & Related
Industries in India

Scope & Potential in India
Significance
Location
Constraints and Challenges
Upstream & Downstream Requirements
Supply Chain Management
Government Policies and Initiatives – SAMPADA, 12th FYP, etc.

Land Reforms in India

Objectives of land reforms
Need for land reforms
Land reforms undertaken
Impact of land reforms
Problems in implementation of land reforms
Success of land reforms
Government initiatives

Is agriculture an optional subject in the UPSC examination?

Answer: No, agriculture is not an optional subject in the UPSC examination. It is included as a part of the General Studies paper.

How can I improve my understanding of agricultural economics for the UPSC exam?

Answer: To improve your understanding of agricultural economics, refer to standard textbooks on the subject and study concepts like supply and demand, price determination, and agricultural marketing.