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Law

Law Optional

A common thought is that law being a highly specialized subject, one shall opt for law optional only if he/she has done LLB or comes from Legal background. However, non-legal graduates can also opt for law.

Law optional in UPSC and UPPSC is becoming a popular optional Subject because of Various reasons.

Short Syllabus and easy availability of the study material with clear preparation strategy make to very much preparable in couple of months.

Aspirants do not need to know the subject as a lawyer. They only need to know it like Civil Service Officers means generalist approach required.

Syllabus of law optional overlaps with general studies, hence no thorough exhaustive study is required.

UPSC Law optional are application-based, therefore memorisation is not needed or mugging up is not required Questions papers are generally related to current Affairs. Therefore, one can answer by focusing on current affairs.

It is a scoring subject among UPSC/UPPSC optional.

A lot of topics like khappanchayat , Contemporary legal Affairs Right to information , Citizen Issues, Organisation-State relationships are part of General Studies and everyday current affairs awareness as well. So, it helps aspirants by multiple ways.

Why IAS next is best Law optional Coaching in Lucknow?

conceptual Clarity in theories & Concepts to answer any given Practical and theoretical question more accurately.

IAS NEXT Adopts the most advanced technological of audio-videos, ppt, pictorial representations so as to build realistic understanding on the subject-matter.

Regular Answer writing Practice, Detailed analysis of previous year questions so as to ensure 100% Result Oriented Preparation

IAS Next helps Law aspirants to choose what to read and more importantly what not to read

Experienced faculty & Guest lectures (Retired and In-service IAS/IPS officers)

India’s best quality and highly updated, relevant printed materials, Pdfs

Course Syllabus:

Paper - I

Constitutional and Administrative Law:

1. Constitution and Constitutionalism: The distinctive features of the Constitution.

2. Fundamental rights – Public interest litigation; Legal Aid; Legal services authority.

3. Relationship between fundamental rights, directive principles and fundamental duties.

4. Constitutional position of the President and relation with the Council of Ministers.

5. Governor and his powers.

6. Supreme Court and High Courts:

(a) Appointments and transfer.

(b) Powers, functions and jurisdiction.

7. Centre, States and local bodies:

(a) Distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States.

(b) Local bodies.

(c) Administrative relationship among Union, State and Local Bodies.

(d) Eminent domain – State property – common property – community property.

8. Legislative powers, privileges and immunities.

9. Services under the Union and the States:

(a) Recruitment and conditions of services; Constitutional safeguards;
Administrative tribunals.

(b) Union Public Service Commission and State Public Service Commissions – Power and functions

(c) Election Commission – Power and functions.

10. Emergency provisions.

11. Amendment of the Constitution.

12. Principles of natural justice – Emerging trends and judicial approach.

13. Delegated legislation and its constitutionality.

14. Separation of powers and constitutional governance.

15. Judicial review of administrative action.

16. Ombudsman: Lokayukta, Lokpal etc.

International Law:

1. Nature and definition of international law.

2. Relationship between international law and municipal law.

3. State recognition and state succession.

4. Law of the sea: Inland waters, territorial sea, contiguous zone, continental shelf, exclusive economic zone, high seas.

5. Individuals: Nationality, statelessness; Human rights and procedures available for their enforcement.

6. Territorial jurisdiction of States, extradition and asylum.

7. Treaties: Formation, application, termination and reservation.

8. United Nations: Its principal organs, powers, functions and reform.

9. Peaceful settlement of disputes – different modes.

10. Lawful recourse to force: aggression, self-defence, intervention.

11. Fundamental principles of international humanitarian law – International conventions and contemporary developments.

12. Legality of the use of nuclear weapons; ban on testing of nuclear weapons; Nuclear – non proliferation treaty, CTBT.

13. International terrorism, state sponsored terrorism, hijacking, international criminal court.

14. New international economic order and monetary law: WTO, TRIPS, GATT, IMF, World Bank.

15. Protection and improvement of the human environment: International efforts.

Law of Crimes:

Paper - II

Law of Crimes:

1. General principles of criminal liability: Mens rea and actusreus, mens rea in statutory offences.

2. Kinds of punishment and emerging trends as to abolition of capital punishment.

3. Preparation and criminal attempt.

4. General exceptions.

5. Joint and constructive liability.

6. Abetment.

7. Criminal conspiracy.

8. Offences against the State.

9. Offences against public tranquility.

10. Offences against human body.

11. Offences against property.

12. Offences against women.

13. Defamation.

14. Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.

15. Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955 and subsequent legislative developments.

16. Plea bargaining.

Contemporary Legal Developments

1. Public Interest Litigation.

2. Intellectual property rights – Concept, types/prospects.

3. Information Technology Law including Cyber Laws – Concept, purpose/ prospects.

4. Competition Law- Concept, purpose/ prospects.

5. Alternate Dispute Resolution – Concept, types/prospects.

6. Major statutes concerning environmental law.

7. Right to Information Act.

8. Trial by media.

Law of Torts:

1. Nature and definition.

2. Liability based upon fault and strict liability; Absolute liability.

3. Vicarious liability including State liability.

4. General defences.

5. Joint tort feasors.

6. Remedies.

7. Negligence.

8. Defamation.

9. Nuisance.

10. Conspiracy.

11. False imprisonment.

12. Malicious prosecution.

13. Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Law of Contracts and Mercantile Law:

1. Nature and formation of contract/Econtract.

2. Factors vitiating free consent.

3. Void, voidable, illegal and unenforceable agreements.

4. Performance and discharge of contracts.

5. Quasi- Contracts.

6. Consequences of breach of contract.

7. Contract of indemnity, guarantee and insurance.

8. Contract of agency.

9. Sale of goods and hire purchase.

10. Formation and dissolution of partnership.

11. Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881.

12. Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.

13. Standard form contracts.

Book list for LAW optional

Indian Penal code -A.Pillai

Constitutional law- V.N. ShuklaPandey, IAS Next Notes for Constitutional law

Books on Law of Tort-A.Pillai

Books on International Law- S.K Kapoor

IAS Next Notes

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